{"id":7575,"date":"2021-09-04T18:06:39","date_gmt":"2021-09-04T17:06:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/?p=7575"},"modified":"2021-10-07T21:59:31","modified_gmt":"2021-10-07T20:59:31","slug":"como-se-crea-una-adiccion-en-el-cerebro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/en\/como-se-crea-una-adiccion-en-el-cerebro\/","title":{"rendered":"How is an addiction created in the brain?"},"content":{"rendered":"We live exposed to a constant probability to fall in some type of addiction<\/strong>. Our brain sees\u00a0 exposed to so many stimuli that needs some type of mechanism that indicate him those that are more pleasant, those that more like us to repeat this behaviour and learn of this.<\/p>\n

Why we go back us addicted?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

We need rewards so that our brain seats\u00a0 gratified when something seems to go well and is good for us: drink, eat, the sexual relations, the personal relations or even to study or learn to differentiate which are our favourite films to repeat the same type of film in the future. Of this depends our survival and is a natural mechanism designated system of cerebral reward<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The problem is when this system leaves to fulfil his normal biological function and raisin to decide by us the realisation of harmful behaviours: we go back us addicted<\/strong>. The addiction is an illness that can need of a skilled treatment in a center of detoxication Madrid<\/a> to combat the problem before it was too late and\u00a0 apodere of us completely.<\/p>\n

Types and factors adictivos<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The addictions are used to to divide in three big groups<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Addictions to substances<\/strong> (legal or illegal drugs)<\/li>\n
  • Addictions to behaviours<\/strong> (games of chance, food, shopping, sex, work, social networks\u2026)<\/li>\n
  • Emotional addictions<\/strong> (to loving relations, friendships, animal, contexts\u2026)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    They exist different factors to consider an abuse or dependency adictiva such as (De la Puente and Balmori, 2007):<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Intensity and frequency of the habit.<\/li>\n
    • Time employed and money invested.<\/li>\n
    • Degree of interference with the daily activity.<\/li>\n
    • Presence of compulsive behaviours and isolation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Addiction: a chronic illness<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      The addiction<\/strong> is a dependency of a person to a substance, activity or behaviour that provides him some relief or pleasure. This dependency, that can be psychological and\/or physiological, derives in a chronic illness when the behaviour adictiva goes back\u00a0 incontrolable and interferes in the daily life and the health of the addicted person arriving even to modify the lives of the people involved and of his context. The origin of the addiction finds\u00a0 in the central nervous system.<\/p>\n

      The addict like chronic patient is a disorder that requires of treatments of long length to achieve revertir the cerebral changes that have produced . This process will not depend only of the substance or the behaviour purchased but of diverse factors of genetic vulnerability and environmental variables that require of a wide study and follow-up by part of the centre of detoxication specialised in the addiction.<\/p>\n

      System of reward of the brain: neuroanatom\u00eda the addiction<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      As we already mention, the system of reward of the brain is the attendant to regulate our pleasant feelings to facilitate the memorisation of the stimuli of the environment and improve our repetitive learning.<\/p>\n

      The zones of the brain that take part in this process are mainly the related with the system l\u00edmbico<\/strong>: areas mesol\u00edmbicas and mesocorticales. Mainly, the cerebral structures more concrete involved are the core accumbens<\/strong> and the area tegmental ventral<\/strong> (VTA).<\/p>\n

      The system l\u00edmbico regulates the emotions or the learning and is related with the motivational systems. The core accumbens is a group of neurons of the encephalon with direct functions on the feeling of pleasure, reward, aversion and therefore the addictions. The area tegmental ventral produces impulses dopamin\u00e9rgicos by what is where\u00a0 segrega the dopamine<\/strong>: neurotransmitter commissioned of the pleasure.<\/p>\n

      This road of the dopamine mesol\u00edmbica is the main precursor of the system of the reinforcement and therefore when\u00a0 active of disproportionate way by external factors or inappropriate contexts can unchain an addiction or dependency. Our own brain will finish us saying, biologically speaking, that need to make a determinate behaviour, although it was harmful.<\/p>\n

      Main neurotransmisores involved<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      The neurotransmisores are chemical messengers of the brain to communicate between himself the neurons. In addition to the already mentioned dopamine, in the process of reforzamiento act others like the serotonin, more responsible of the processes of motivation to make a determinate behaviour; and the sour range aminobut\u00edrico (GABA) that works like inhibidor of the nervous system by what regulates the dopamine freed. Recent studies, indicate that until 30% of the neurons of the VTA are gaba\u00e9rgicas (Bruchas, 2021) and have an important paper in the circuit of reward of the brain.<\/p>\n

      As you can see,\u00a0the problem of the addictions is an illness that can desrregularizar our cerebral balance to biological level by what is not so simple, as some people still thinks, go out of the consumption or the dependency without professional help. The first step not to fall in an addiction is to know his grave effects on our organism to physical level and on our behaviour to level neuropsicol\u00f3gico. It looks for help.<\/p>\n

      References<\/strong><\/h2>\n

      Bruchas, M, and collaborators (2021). Ventral tegmental area GABAergic inhibition of cholinergic interneurons in\u00a0 the ventral nucleus accumbens shell promotes reward reinforcement. Nature Neuroscience<\/em><\/p>\n

      De la Puente, M. P., and Balmori, To. (2007). The Addiction to the Mobile Telephone: they exist mechanisms neurofisiol\u00f3gicos involved? I project Man: Quarterly Magazine of the Association Project Man, <\/em>61 , 8-12.<\/p>\n

      Reason, H., Rodr\u00edguez, S., and Le\u00f3n, J. (2017). Neurobiolog\u00eda Of the system of reward in the behaviours adictivas: consumption of alcohol. Psychological Electronic magazine Iztacala, <\/em>4<\/p>\n

       ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      We live exposed to a constant probability to fall in some type of addiction. Our brain sees\u00a0 exposed to so many stimuli that needs some type of mechanism that indicate him those that are more pleasant, those that more like us to repeat this behaviour and learn of this. Why we go back us addicted? […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7577,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[290,93],"tags":[421,298,295,275,11],"class_list":["post-7575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurociencia","category-salud","tag-adiccion","tag-cerebro","tag-dopamina","tag-neurociencia","tag-psicologia"],"yoast_head":"\nHow is an addiction created in the brain? - PsicoPico<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/como-se-crea-una-adiccion-en-el-cerebro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How is an addiction created in the brain? - PsicoPico\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We live exposed to a constant probability to fall in some type of addiction. 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