{"id":6064,"date":"2020-07-21T11:30:04","date_gmt":"2020-07-21T10:30:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/?p=6064"},"modified":"2020-07-21T12:40:24","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T11:40:24","slug":"como-afecta-la-vejez-a-los-diferentes-tipos-de-memoria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/en\/como-afecta-la-vejez-a-los-diferentes-tipos-de-memoria\/","title":{"rendered":"How does old age affect different types of memory?"},"content":{"rendered":"The greater people complain usually that his <strong>memory<\/strong> is not so good as before. In spite of this so extended affirmation no always are affected by the age the processes that take part in the memora neither produces\u00a0 his deterioration because of the <strong>old age<\/strong> exclusively, neither by the time neither by the form in which it produces . However, during the old age if it is true that produce\u00a0 alterations owed to the normal deterioration of our brain by the age that can affect to the distinct types by heart.<\/p>\n<p>From a point of view neurofisiol\u00f3gico and neuropsicol\u00f3gico the frontal lobules and half areas-temporary are especially sensitive to the aging. The cerebral areas that see\u00a0 more affected are the corticales, mainly the c\u00f3rtex prefrontal. Taking this base psicobiol\u00f3gica and the distinct studies made sact the subject can analyse c\u00f3mo affects the age to the different types ofm emoria. It is important to know c\u00f3mo affects the age to our brain to treat better to our greater and know his needs, already was if they still keep the total independence, if they coexist with us or if they live in <a href=\"https:\/\/residenciaolimpia.eus\/\">a residence of elderly of Bilbao<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How it affects the old age to the distinct types by heart<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>We go to subdividir the types by heart two big groups, the first of them the one who affects to the most immediate processes and the second to the processes of recovery of information stored on a long-term basis.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Sensory memory, memory in the short term and operative memory<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4><strong>Sensory memory<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The sensory registers more investigated in the humans are the visual or iconic and the auditory or ecoico. Some studies aim to that so much in the visual\/iconic as in the auditory\/ecoica and the tactile, produce\u00a0 few changes with the age because the deterioration in the sensitivity of the sensory register is slight. Nevertheless, it is precise to signal that so that the sensory information register\u00a0 is indispensable traspasar the sensory threshold. To measure that reaches\u00a0 the old age, and especially from the 75-80 years, some greater people present a significant deterioration of the sensory systems, with losses of information that can have grave consequences in the cognition.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Memory in the short term and operative memory<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Between the tasks that have used\u00a0 so much to study the capacity of storage in the short term like the capacity of forget, exist:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>task of amplitude by heart<\/strong>: they present him\u00a0 to the individual a series of elements (digits, letters or words) that go increasing in length and requires\u00a0 that it remember them in the same order in which they have presented him\u00a0 (amplitude to in front) or in reverse order (amplitude to backwards). The performance in a task of amplitude of letters between a group of young subjects and a group of elderly, and checked that the differences were significant. More interesting was that they found also significant differences between two groups of elderly (65-75 years and 80-90 years).<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>task of Brown-Peterson<\/strong>: they present him\u00a0 a group of elements (consonants or words), that has to remember after an interval of time. During this, the subject has to make a task distractora, with the purpose to prevent that it review internally the material. The investigations with this task have showed that the proportion of forget between elderly and young is quite equivalent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The tasks that use\u00a0 to examine the <strong>operative memory<\/strong> require that the subject retain an information determined at the same time that processes or manipulates said information. In some investigations, has found\u00a0 of way quite consistent that<strong> the greater people have a lower performance in tasks by heart operative with regard to the youngest<\/strong>.\u00a0In the works on the operation of the operative memory in the aging, has been able to\u00a0 observe that to measure that the complexity of the task increases, the punctuations of the greater subjects descend, with regard to the youngest.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Memory on a long-term basis<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>We go to differentiate inside the memory on a long-term basis between the semantic memory and the memory epis\u00f3dica, but will analyse also other types related.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Memory epis\u00f3dica<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The <strong>memory epis\u00f3dica<\/strong> does reference to the memory that has the subject of an event located in some coordinates space-temporary concrete. The fundamental characteristic is that the recovery of an event of the past goes accompanied of a taking of consciousness of the moment and of the concrete place lived. In a situation of laboratory, an episode of this type can be a concrete list of words that present\u00a0 to remember afterwards.<strong> The memory epis\u00f3dica descends of significant way from the 30-40 years until the 70-80<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In the operation of this memory it would be necessary to differentiate the processes of coding, retention and recovery.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coding<\/strong>, to the elderly costs them more encode the information, even when in the instructions of the task invites them\u00a0 to elaborate the information to be able to remember it afterwards. It is possible to reduce the differences if it supplies\u00a0 contextual support in the moment of the coding and\/or in the one of the back recovery.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recovery<\/strong>, the differences diminish if it supplies them\u00a0 keys of recovery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>Memory of the context<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The <strong>memory of the context and of the source of information <\/strong>refers\u00a0 to the memory about the particular conditions in that it took place a determinate event. An event or determinate fact has a group of attributes or characteristic, which can be of nature more cognitive or more perceptiva. The memory of the information of attributes of nature more perceptiva is critical to determine the source of the memory.<\/p>\n<p>The investigations have found that<strong> the elderly are less able to discriminate between the elements seen and the imagined with regard to the youngsters.<\/strong> Besides, the data indicated that the similaridad of the characteristic precept\u00faales and conceptual between the objects imagined and the seen them entorpec\u00edan of distinct way, affecting more to the elderly.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Semantic memory<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The <strong>semantic memory <\/strong>is a system that allows us the acquisition and retention of general knowledges of the world, independently of the moment or concrete place in which they learnt . With the age, does not diminish or practically does not notice\u00a0 if we compare with the memory epis\u00f3dica: the conceptual knowledge continues increasing.<\/p>\n<p>In the study of the semantic memory make\u00a0 tasks of free memory, of memory with key or of recognition. The elderly differences-young are greater in the first, lower in the second (the key compensates the memory) and equiparables in the third.<\/p>\n<p>If the demands of the task are more directed by the stimuli (processing down-arrive) and supplies\u00a0 a support of the surroundings for the recovery, the differences of age in the operation of the memory will be minimised. By the contrary, if the task is more directed by a processing from above-down and the support of the context of the surroundings is small, the differences will be greater.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Autobiographical memory<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The <strong>autobiographical memory<\/strong> refers\u00a0 to the personal memory of events lived along the life. Between the 10-20 years situates\u00a0 the greater part of memories accumulated in this memory. The people adults and elderly are used to to have some memories more n\u00edtidos for events that lived from the 7-10 until around the 25 years, in relation with the memories that have of other back periods of his life.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Memory prospectiva<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The <strong>memory prospectiva <\/strong>is the memory of something that have to make in some determinate moments. It is a very critical appearance in the common performance of the daily life. To make successfully a task prospectiva, the subject has to remember, when it arrives the moment, a group of appearances, between which stands out:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Remember that there is something that has to do.<\/li>\n<li>Remember in what consists the task.<\/li>\n<li>Make the task.<\/li>\n<li>Remember if it made the task in a moment determinate, so that it do not go back it to repeat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Experiments indicate that <strong>the greater people have significantly more difficulties to carry out tasks prospectivas<\/strong>. An accurate examination of these differences would aim to the greater use that do the greater and elderly people of external helps in his daily life (diaries, etc.) compared with young people.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Memory procedimental<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In general, they find\u00a0 few significant differences between elderly, adults and young, and no always find . In any case, the differences been due to the age are lower that in tasks by heart explicit. It is interesting to differentiate between tasks of <em>priming<\/em> perceptual and tasks of <em>priming<\/em> conceptual. When comparing the effects of the age in these two types of tasks, the results are divergent: sometimes the elderly do not have a deficit in the first and yes in the second and other times finds\u00a0 the reverse pattern.<\/p>\n<p>In general terms it could\u00a0 affirm that the effects of the age do not seem to be systematically different in a type of tasks of <em>priming<\/em> with regard to the others, and the differences owed to the factor age do not obtain\u00a0 always.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Memory no verbal<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In the studies on the memory of the space information, one of the most used paradigms has consisted in presenting to the subjects, for example, drawings or objects in a space matrix and ask them that they replace the elements to his original positions. Some of these studies\u00a0have found that the performance of the elderly is significantly lower, so much in the memory as in the recognition of the space information.<\/p>\n<p>In general terms we could say that in the elderly exist deficiencies regarding the processing of the memory in relation to a deficit in the speed of processing, lower capacity by heart operative and greater difficulty of inhibition of the information that leaves to be notable.<\/p>\n<p>_<\/p>\n<p>Sources:<\/p>\n<p>Elos\u00faa Of Juan, M\u00aaR. (2003). The development of the memory in the life adult and in the old age. In Gutierrez, F., Garc\u00eda. J.To., Carriedo, N. <em>Evolutionary psychology II: Cognitive Development and ling\u00fcistico. Vol. 2<\/em>. Chapter 20, pp. 299-327.\u00a0 Madrid: UNED<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The greater people complain usually that his memory is not so good as before. In spite of this so extended affirmation no always are affected by the age the processes that take part in the memora neither produces\u00a0 his deterioration because of the old age exclusively, neither by the time neither by the form in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[360,575,195,506],"class_list":["post-6064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-salud","tag-cognicion","tag-memoria","tag-salud","tag-vejez"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How does old age affect different types of memory? - PsicoPico<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/psicopico.com\/en\/como-afecta-la-vejez-a-los-diferentes-tipos-de-memoria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How does old age affect different types of memory? - PsicoPico\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The greater people complain usually that his memory is not so good as before. 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